Type 2 Diabetes
What is Type 2 Diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for over 90% of all diabetes cases. It occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin, or the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood sugar levels. This leads to elevated blood sugar (glucose) levels, which, if left unmanaged, can cause long-term health complications.
Unlike Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 develops gradually, often over several years, and is strongly linked to lifestyle factors, though genetics also play a role.
What Causes Type 1 Diabetes?
The exact cause of Type 1 diabetes remains unknown. However, researchers believe it may result from a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers, such as:
- Viral infections
- Certain dietary factors in infancy
- Autoimmune conditions
It’s important to note that Type 1 diabetes is not caused by poor diet or lack of exercise.
What Causes Type 2 Diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes develops due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors, such as:
- Insulin resistance: The body’s cells stop responding effectively to insulin.
- Pancreatic dysfunction: The pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin to compensate.
- Risk factors:
- Being overweight or obese
- Lack of physical activity
- Family history of diabetes
- Being over 45 years old
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes
The symptoms of Type 2 diabetes often develop slowly and may go unnoticed for years. Common signs include:
- Frequent urination and increased thirst
- Excessive hunger
- Fatigue or low energy
- Blurred vision
- Slow-healing wounds or infections
- Darkened skin patches, often around the neck or armpits (a condition called acanthosis nigricans)
How is Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosed?
Type 2 diabetes is typically diagnosed through blood tests, such as:
- Fasting Blood Glucose Test: Measures blood sugar levels after an overnight fast.
- HbA1c Test: Reflects average blood sugar levels over the past 2–3 months.
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): Measures blood sugar levels before and after consuming a sugary drink.
Managing Type 2 Diabetes
While Type 2 diabetes cannot always be cured, it can be effectively managed—and sometimes reversed—with lifestyle changes, medication, and support.
Lifestyle Changes
- Healthy Diet: Focus on whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, and low-glycemic fruits and vegetables. Limit sugar and processed foods.
- Exercise: Regular physical activity improves insulin sensitivity and helps with weight management. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate activity per week.
- Weight Management: Losing even a small amount of weight can significantly improve blood sugar control.
Medication
Depending on your blood sugar levels, your doctor may prescribe:- Oral medications (e.g., metformin) to lower glucose production in the liver or increase insulin sensitivity.
- Injectable medications, including insulin or GLP-1 receptor agonists, for more advanced cases.
Blood Sugar Monitoring
- Regular monitoring helps you track your progress and adjust your management plan.
- Tools include blood glucose meters or continuous glucose monitors (CGMs).
Education and Support
- Learning about diabetes empowers you to make informed decisions.
- At Defeat Diabetes, our experts provide personalized guidance and coaching to help you stay on track.
Potential Complications of Type 2 Diabetes
When poorly managed, Type 2 diabetes can lead to serious health issues, including:
- Heart disease and stroke
- Nerve damage (diabetic neuropathy)
- Kidney disease (diabetic nephropathy)
- Eye problems (diabetic retinopathy and blindness)
- Foot complications, such as infections or ulcers
However, with consistent care and monitoring, these risks can be minimized.
Can Type 2 Diabetes Be Reversed?
For some individuals, particularly those diagnosed early, Type 2 diabetes can go into remission through significant lifestyle changes, such as weight loss and improved diet. However, this requires dedication and ongoing management to maintain long-term results.
Living with Type 2 Diabetes
At Defeat Diabetes, we help you create a personalized plan to manage your Type 2 diabetes and improve your quality of life. Our services include:
- Dietary counseling: Learn how to make diabetes-friendly food choices.
- Exercise guidance: Tailored plans to fit your fitness level and goals.
- Medication management: Understand your prescriptions and how to use them effectively.
- Regular check-ins: Stay accountable and adjust your plan as needed.
Take control of your Type 2 diabetes today with Defeat Diabetes! Let’s work together to build a healthier future.
#BeHealthy
Download our mobile app and book an appointment.
Download our user-friendly mobile app to schedule appointments, track your treatment progress, and receive personalized care updates directly from your healthcare provider. Booking your next appointment has never been simpler—on your schedule, at your convenience.
#BeHealthy
Download our mobile app and book an appointment.
Download our user-friendly mobile app to schedule appointments, track your treatment progress, and receive personalized care updates directly from your healthcare provider. Booking your next appointment has never been simpler—on your schedule, at your convenience.
